Matheus David

January is Cervical Cancer Awareness Month, and according to the Cancer Association of Namibia, cervical cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women in Namibia. The disease is preventable and treatable when detected early through regular screening.

Citing GLOBOCAN 2024 data, the WO30 reports that while the global five-year survival rate for cervical cancer is about 66%, Namibia’s estimated rate of 45–55% shows that early detection and timely treatment still need improvement.

The association stated that the recent announcement by the Ministry of Health and Social Services regarding the nationwide rollout of HPV DNA cervical screening and the HPV vaccination programme has led to an increase in questions from both the public and the media. The response shows that many people are seeking clear and reliable information about cervical cancer prevention and care.

The Cancer Association of Namibia (CAN) stated that regular cervical screening, including Pap smears and HPV DNA testing, is crucial for early detection. 

Cervical cancer develops in the cervix, also known as the “mouth of the womb”, and is mainly caused by long-term infection with high-risk types of the human papillomavirus (HPV).

HPV is common, and it spreads through sexual contact. While most infections clear on their own, ongoing exposure to high-risk HPV, a weakened immune system, and HIV-positive status increase the risk of cervical cancer. Women living with HIV are advised to undergo screening every year.

The association said that cervical cancer often shows no signs in its early stages. Symptoms may include unusual vaginal bleeding between periods, after sex or after menopause, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, ongoing pelvic or lower back pain, and pain during sexual intercourse.

According to the Cancer Association of Namibia, cervical cancer can be diagnosed through Pap smears, Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA), HPV DNA testing, and colposcopy. Treatment depends on how advanced the cancer is. 

Early cases can be treated with procedures such as thermocoagulation, cryotherapy, or LEEP, while more advanced cases may require surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.

The association adds that oncology services in Namibia are available in both public healthcare facilities, which are fully complementary, and private institutions. 

Women who struggle to afford treatment are encouraged to seek support through the Cancer Association of Namibia’s assistance programmes.

Most cervical cancer cases are linked to HPV strains 16 and 18, according to the Association. 

The HPV vaccine is safe, recommended by the World Health Organisation, and works best when given before sexual activity begins, usually between the ages of 9 and 14. The association supports HPV vaccination with informed parental consent.

The Cancer Association of Namibia is advising women to go for regular cervical screening and to make use of available HPV screening and vaccination services.

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